Learning Notes Learning Notes Browse All Learning Notes Members: You'll also see these throughout the series of Units to teach you grammar along the way (in between the interactive lessons) The BasicsGrammarVerbsPronunciationSpecial TopicsInformalRecent ExpandSectionsThe Basics Grammar Verbs Pronunciation Special Topics Informal Recent The Basics What is European Portuguese?ExpandIntroduction to European Portuguese European Portuguese vs Brazilian Portuguese The Alphabet Basic ConversationExpand European Portuguese Greetings Polite Expressions Introducing Yourself in Portuguese Kissing Etiquette in Portugal Saying Goodbye in European Portuguese Saying No How to Talk About Likes and Dislikes Questions in Portuguese Olá! Tudo bem? ...NOW what? Basic GrammarExpand Basic Portuguese Grammar The Gender of Portuguese Words Definite vs Indefinite Articles Essential Conjunctions Talking About Quantity: The Basics Intro to VerbsExpandIntro to Portuguese Verbs and Personal Pronouns The Verb Ser 75 Most Common Portuguese Verbs Basic Portuguese Grammar Introducing Yourself in Portuguese European vs Brazilian Portuguese Polite Expressions Saying Goodbye in European Portuguese European Portuguese Greetings Portuguese Verbs and Personal Pronouns Introduction to European Portuguese Grammar AdjectivesExpand Introduction to Portuguese Adjectives Good/Bad vs. Well/Badly Simple and Compound Adjectives Comprido, Longo, and Curto Degrees of Adjectives AdverbsExpand Introduction to Portuguese Adverbs Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation Adverbs of Place: Near, Far, etc. Aonde vs Onde Adverbs of Place: In, Out, etc. Adverbs of Place: Above and Below Adverbs of Place: Here and There Adverbs of Degree: A Little, A Lot, etc. Adverbs of Degree: More, Less, etc. Adverbs of Time Adverbs of Time: Almost, Always, etc. Adverbs of Time: Já Adverbs of Manner: Well, Poorly, etc. Bastante, Quase, and Realmente Mau vs. Mal and Bom vs. Bem ConjunctionsExpand Essential Portuguese Conjunctions Introduction to Portuguese Conjunctions Copulative Coordinating Conjunctions Adversative Coordinating Conjunctions Disjunctive Coordinating Conjunctions Explicative Coordinating Conjunctions Conclusive Coordinating Conjunctions Intro to Subordinating Conjunctions Temporal Subordinating Conjunctions Causal Subordinating Conjunctions Final Subordinating Conjunctions DemonstrativesExpand Introduction to Portuguese Demonstratives Variable Demonstratives: Plural Variable Demonstratives: Singular Invariable Demonstrative Pronouns Demonstrative Determiners Determiners vs. Pronouns Combining "De" with Demonstratives Combining "Em" with Demonstratives Combining "A" with Demonstratives DeterminersExpand Indefinite Determiners Interrogative Determiners Demonstrative Determiners Determiners vs. Pronouns Definite vs Indefinite Articles Definite Articles Indefinite Articles Formal vs. InformalExpand Tu vs. Você in European Portuguese PluralsExpand Forming Plurals in Portuguese PossessivesExpand Introduction to Possessives 1st and 2nd Person Possessives 3rd Person Possessives: Seu and Sua 3rd Person Possessives: De + Pronoun When to Use Dele/Dela vs. Seu/Sua PrepositionsExpand The Preposition "Com" Prepositions in Portuguese The Preposition "A" The Preposition "De" The Prepositions "Por" and "Para The Preposition "Em" Digging Deeper into Prepositions Simple Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases Combining "De" with Demonstratives Combining "Em" with Demonstratives Combining "A" with Demonstratives Using Prepositions in Portuguese Questions Using Tonic Pronouns with Prepositions Portuguese Contractions PronounsExpand Introduction to Clitic Object Pronouns Clitic Pronouns: Me & Te Clitic Pronouns: 3rd Person Clitic Pronouns: Nos & Vos Merging Clitic Object Pronouns Reflexive Verbs / Reflexive Pronouns Clitic Pronouns: Direct & Indirect Objects Intro to Portuguese Verbs and Personal Pronouns Verb Phrases & Clitic Pronouns The Pronouns Si & Consigo Introduction to Tonic Pronouns Using Tonic Pronouns with Prepositions Reflexivity with Tonic Pronouns Determiners vs. Pronouns Invariable Demonstrative Pronouns Relative Pronouns QuestionsExpand Asking Questions in Portuguese Using "é que" in Portuguese Questions Using Prepositions in Portuguese Questions Interrogative Quantifiers Interrogative Determiners OtherExpand Forming Negative Phrases Portuguese Contractions 1st and 2nd Person Possessives Hours and Telling Time Talking About the Future in Portuguese Degrees of Adjectives The Gender of Portuguese Words Irregular -IR Verbs Conjunctions That Present An Explanation European vs Brazilian Portuguese Verbs IndicativeExpand Intro to Portuguese Verbs and Personal Pronouns Regular vs. Irregular Verbs Present Regular -AR Verbs in the Present Tense Regular -ER Verbs in the Present Tense Regular -IR Verbs in the Present Tense Irregular -ER Verbs in the Present Tense Simple Past (Pretérito Perfeito) Regular -AR Verbs in the Simple Past Regular -ER/-IR Verbs in the Simple Past Irregular Verbs in the Simple Past Other Tenses Present Continuous in Portuguese Past Continuous Tense Talking About the Future in Portuguese Subjunctive (Conjuntivo)ExpandThe Subjunctive Mood in Portuguese (Conjuntivo) Present Subjunctive Imperfect Subjunctive Future Subjunctive ImperativeExpandThe Imperative ConditionalExpandThe Conditional Past ParticiplesExpandPast Participles & Auxiliary Verbs Regular Past Participles Irregular Past Participles Double Past Participles Reflexive VerbsExpandReflexive Verbs / Reflexive Pronouns Reflexivity with Tonic Pronouns Verbs in the InfinitiveExpand Impersonal vs Personal Infinitive Important VerbsExpandSer vs Estar When to Use Estar When to Use Ser Ser vs. Estar: Two Ways of Being Haver The Verb "Haver" Talking About the Past with "Haver" Haver as "To Exist / To Have" Talking About the Future with "Haver" Ficar How to Use the Verb Ficar Pôr The Verb "Pôr": In a Group of Its Own? Others Dizer vs Falar vs Contar 75 Most Common Portuguese Verbs Future Subjunctive Regular -AR Verbs in the Present Tense Ser vs. Estar: Two Ways of Being Pretérito Perfeito Composto do Indicativo Irregular -ER Verbs Past Continuous Tense When to Use Estar Basic Portuguese Grammar Pronunciation ConsonantsExpandPronunciation Guide for European Portuguese Consonants The Letters S and C Minimal PairsExpandMinimal Pairs VowelsExpandPronunciation Guide for European Portuguese Vowels Regular -AR Verbs in the Simple Past How to Pronounce ‘S’ in Portuguese The Orthographic Agreement: Changes in European Portuguese Spelling Minimal Pairs Pronunciation Guide for European Portuguese Consonants Pronunciation of The Letter X in Portuguese Vamos Falar Algarvio! Pronunciation Variations Special Topics FoodExpandFood Groups A Portuguese Kitchen Talking About Food Dining Out in Portugal Learn Portuguese by Cooking Common Herbs & Spices in Portuguese Cuisine Guide to Portuguese Fish HolidaysExpandThe Holiday Season in Portugal New Year's Eve Traditions in Portugal Portuguese Holidays Christmas in Portugal ColoursExpandColours in Portuguese Dates & TimeExpandToday, Yesterday and Tomorrow Seasons of the Year Hours and Telling Time Relationships of Time Months of the Year Days of the Week Adverbs of Time Adverbs of Time: Almost, Always, etc. Greetings by Time of Day HomeExpandTypes of Homes and Rooms Common Household Items Buying a Home in Portugal NumbersExpandTalking About Quantity Introduction to Numbers in Portuguese Cardinal Numbers Ordinal Numbers Multiplier Numbers Fractional Numbers Collective Numbers Universal Quantifiers Existential Quantifiers Relative Quantifiers Interrogative Quantifiers CIPLE PrepExpandTaking the CIPLE - A2 Language Proficiency Test Living in PortugalExpandBuying a Home in Portugal Types of Homes and Rooms How to Become a Freelancer and Issue Recibos Verdes Applying For A Portuguese NIF (Tax Number) Getting Residency in Portugal Tips & MotivationExpandHow to Remember Portuguese Words Why Do I Freeze Up When I Speak Portuguese? When the Locals Respond in English Shortcuts for Learning European Portuguese Overcoming a Plateau in Your Portuguese Learning Olá! Tudo bem? ...NOW what? Learning Portuguese as an Adult vs as a Child How to Stay Motivated How to Use Spaced Repetition to Remember What You Learn Create a Study Plan How to Type Portuguese Accents on an English Keyboard The Easiest Way to Start Learning European Portuguese Developing a Routine The Best Translation Resources Talking About Food Learn Portuguese by Cooking Common Household Items Forming Portuguese Numbers in the Tens, Hundreds, and Thousands Fractional Numbers Introduction to European Portuguese Com Licença? Desculpe? Perdão? Types of Homes and Rooms Informal/Colloquial Language DialectsExpandVamos Falar Algarvio! Diminutives & AugmentativesExpandDiminutives in European Portuguese Augmentatives in European Portuguese IdiomsExpandIdiomatic Expressions 1 Idiomatic Expressions 2 SlangExpandEuropean Portuguese Slang Interjections Demystifying the Word “Logo” in Portuguese Augmentatives in European Portuguese English Expressions in Portuguese European Portuguese Slang Vamos Falar Algarvio! Interjections Idiomatic Expressions 1 The Many Meanings of “Pois” Recently Added How to Ask Nicely June 16, 2026 Every Noun Has a Gender April 6, 2026 Preposition Pairings December 11, 2025 Pretérito Perfeito Composto do Indicativo April 3, 2025 Condicional Composto March 24, 2025 Futuro Composto do Indicativo March 24, 2025 More Irregular Verbs in the Simple Past February 24, 2025 Compound Tenses with Nominal Forms December 27, 2024 Pretérito Mais-que-perfeito Composto do Indicativo December 5, 2024 The Orthographic Agreement: Changes in European Portuguese Spelling October 9, 2024 Browse All Learning Notes Looking for something more specific? Search here and filter by "Learning Notes"
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