1
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A caravela foi muito importante no desenvolvimento da navegação marítima.
{{The caravel was very important in the development of maritime navigation.}}

2
00:00:08,116 –> 00:00:11,947
Tem as suas origens nos antigos barcos de pesca portugueses,
{{It has its origins in the old Portuguese fishing boats,}}

3
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construídos no século XIII, derivados do qārib mouro.
{{built in the 13th century, derived from the Moorish “qārib”.}}

4
00:00:15,825 –> 00:00:20,416
Ansioso por iniciar viagens exploratórias em meados do século XV,
{{Eager to begin exploratory voyages in the mid-15th century,}}

5
00:00:20,416 –> 00:00:25,638
Henrique o Navegador viu o potencial destes navios ágeis e manobráveis,
{{Henry the Navigator saw the potential in these nimble, maneuverable ships}}

6
00:00:25,638 –> 00:00:30,040
que utilizavam velas triangulares, capazes de navegar à bolina.
{{that used triangular sails, capable of sailing upwind.}}

7
00:00:30,040 –> 00:00:34,526
Eram uma bênção para os marinheiros que podiam explorar a linha costeira africana,
{{They were a boon to sailors who could explore the African coastline,}}

8
00:00:34,526 –> 00:00:38,736
e com a sua quilha rasa também podiam navegar rio acima.
{{and with their shallow keel they could also sail upriver.}}

9
00:00:38,736 –> 00:00:43,025
Isto contrastava com os antigos cargueiros mediterrânicos mais pesados,
{{This was in contrast to the heavier old Mediterranean freighters,}}

10
00:00:43,025 –> 00:00:47,764
com um mastro e uma vela quadrada fixa utilizada na época.
{{with one mast and one fixed square sail used at the time.}}

11
00:00:47,764 –> 00:00:51,474
A velocidade, economia e agilidade da caravela
{{The speed, economy, and agility of the caravel}}

12
00:00:51,474 –> 00:00:54,806
tornaram-na a melhor embarcação à vela do seu tempo.
{{made it the finest sailing vessel of its time.}}

13
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Os exploradores da época dos Descobrimentos enfrentavam enormes desafios,
{{The explorers of the Age of Discovery faced enormous challenges,}}

14
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tanto em termos de segurança como o receio de se aventurar no desconhecido.
{{both in terms of security and the fear of venturing into the unknown.}}

15
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A tripulação e o espaço de carga eram limitados,
{{Crew and cargo space were limited,}}

16
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uma vez que estas caravelas eram utilizadas para fins exploratórios.
{{since these caravels were used for exploratory purposes.}}

17
00:01:12,708 –> 00:01:18,426
Mais tarde, foram desenvolvidas caravelas ou naus para satisfazer viagens mais longas
{{Later, caravels or ships were developed to satisfy longer voyages}}

18
00:01:18,426 –> 00:01:21,959
com a capacidade de transportar mais provisões.
{{with the ability to carry more supplies.}}

19
00:01:21,959 –> 00:01:26,966
Teria havido 25 a 30 membros da tripulação numa caravela mais pequena,
{{There would have been 25 to 30 crew members on a smaller caravel,}}

20
00:01:26,966 –> 00:01:31,496
enquanto que as maiores teriam acomodado até uma centena.
{{while the larger ones would have accommodated up to a hundred.}}

21
00:01:31,496 –> 00:01:34,979
Os marinheiros, muitos dos quais eram rapazes jovens,
{{The sailors, many of whom were young boys,}}

22
00:01:34,979 –> 00:01:39,994
trabalhavam em quartos e cada grupo navegava durante quatro horas cada um,
{{worked in quarters [shifts] and each group sailed for four hours each,}}

23
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a menos que o tempo adverso exigisse que todos estivessem de serviço.
{{unless adverse weather required everyone to be on duty.}}

24
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Havia sempre trabalho a ser feito – limpeza, manutenção e reparações contínuas,
{{There was always work to be done – cleaning, maintenance and ongoing repairs,}}

25
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com pouco tempo para descanso ou diversão.
{{with little time for rest or fun.}}

26
00:01:53,246 –> 00:01:57,496
As condições pouco higiénicas quase desafiam a imaginação.
{{The unhygienic conditions almost defy imagination.}}

27
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As doenças eram abundantes, com muitos a sucumbir à febre, disenteria e escorbuto.
{{Diseases were rife, with many succumbing to fever, dysentery and scurvy.}}

28
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Tiveram também de enfrentar outros perigos visíveis,
{{They also had to face other apparent dangers,}}

29
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desde monstros, sereias e quedas de água,
{{from monsters, mermaids, and waterfalls,}}

30
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a fortes correntes e tempestades e à ameaça de piratas e corsários.
{{to strong currents and storms and the threat of pirates and privateers.}}